& \multicolumn{4}{l}{ \textbf{Panel A.} Sector $\times$ CZ-level statistics }  \\ \midrule
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{\textbf{\textit{R\&D and exposure variables}}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Mean} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{p50} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{p90} \\
\addlinespace \cmidrule(lr){2-2} \cmidrule(lr){3-3} \cmidrule(lr){4-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-5}
&  Indirect subsidy (in million euros) &      0.23 &      0.00 &      0.21 \\
&  Exposure  &      6.22 &      7.50 &     12.26 \\
&  Proximity  &      0.04 &      0.00 &      0.05 \\
& Total employment &    669.55 &    140.85 &   1163.91 \\
& Engineer employment &    147.01 &      6.92 &    137.26 \\
& Engineer wage bill (in millions euros) &      8.32 &      0.36 &      7.77 \\
& Log Engineer wage bill (in euros)  &     13.51 &     13.43 &     16.22 \\
&  &  &  &  \\
& \# plants  &     48.54 &      8.00 &     94.00 \\
\midrule & \multicolumn{4}{l}{Observations:       59,280 --- \# (CZ $\times$ NAF)  :        3,705 }   \\ \midrule \midrule
& \multicolumn{2}{l}{\textbf{Panel B.} CZ-level statistics }  &  & \\ \midrule
& \# of 5-digit sector &    108.97 &    110.50 &    127.00 \\
& Total employment (in 1000s) &     72.96 &     34.46 &    138.96 \\
& \# plants  &   5289.04 &   2857.00 &   8682.00 \\
& \# plants employing engineers   &    381.55 &    158.00 &    700.00 \\
\midrule & \multicolumn{4}{l}{Observations:          544 --- \# CZ  :           34 }   \\ \midrule
